合作社内部“影响成本”决定因素的实证分析——基于山东省苹果专业合作社的调查数据

The Empirical Analysis of Influence Costs Determinants in Cooperatives:Evidence from Apple Specialized Cooperatives in Shandong Province

鉴于合作社集体产权安排和成员股权无法转让等原因,当存在影响社员利益分享或成本分担的组织决策且上下级信息沟通渠道顺畅时,利益相关者就会试图扭曲组织决策以获取潜在收益,进而产生降低决策效率的"影响成本"。本文利用山东省苹果专业合作社的调研数据,首先测度合作社内部"影响成本"规模,然后采用有序Probit模型对合作社内部"影响成本"的决定因素进行实证分析。研究表明:社员异质性是导致合作社内部"影响成本"增加的关键性因素;管理者存在外部选择诱惑、采用"一人一票"制表决方式和合作社扩张社员规模等对合作社内部"影响成本"也具有正向显著影响。基于此,协调异质性社员的利益诉求、选择合适的组织决策模式和设计合理的管理者激励制度对于转型经济时期农民专业合作社的健康发展至关重要。

Because of collective property rights arrangement of the cooperatives and non -transferable stock rights of their members, the stakeholders might try to distort organizational decisions so as to obtain potential benefits when organizational decisions concerning benefits/cost sharing are made and communications channels between the superior and the subordinate run smoothly, thus bringing about influence costs which reduce decision efficiency. Using survey data of Apple Specialized Cooperatives in Shandong Province, the ordered Probit model is employed to analyze the influence cost and its determining factors. The results suggest that member heterogeneity is the key factor resulting in the increase of influence costs. In addition, the attractiveness of outside opportunities available for managers, ＂one- person,one- vote＂ principle and membership scale also result in increased influence costs. On this basis, this paper considers that coordination of heterogeneous interests of members, procedural selection of organizational decision - making and the design of management incentives will be essential to the healthy development of cooperatives.