儿童身体隐喻理解能力的发展:语境的作用

Upon the Development of Children’s Contextual Understanding of Body Metaphors

采用自制隐喻理解量表,以某县城小学2、4、6年级共168名学生为被试,考察儿童在有和无语境中身体隐喻和非身体隐喻的理解成绩。实验结果表明:(1)随着年龄增长,在语境下儿童的隐喻理解能力越来越强;(2)2年级儿童的隐喻理解极不稳定,语境对隐喻理解的作用小且具有不确定性;(3)4年级儿童无语境的身体隐喻理解水平最低,有语境的非身体隐喻理解水平最高;(4)6年级儿童有较高的隐喻理解水平,能比较准确理解有语境的非身体隐喻,语境作用明显。

The paper is designated to study children’s contextual comprehension of body metaphors through testing 168 pupils of grade 2,4 and 6 from a primary school of a county city by the self-made measurements of children’s metaphorical comprehension.The results indicate that： 1） the older children better comprehend the metaphors in a context;2） the grade-two pupils appear drastically unstable in metaphorical comprehension,with little and uncertain effects exerted by contexts;3） the fourth-year children perform the worst in body metaphorical comprehension without contexts but the best in non-body ones in certain situations;4） the sixth-year subjects turn out to be better in non-body metaphorical comprehensions aided by certain contexts.