妊娠期糖尿病血糖控制对围生儿的影响分析

Analysis of the influence of glycemic control on perinatal infants of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的：探讨对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者进行血糖控制对围生儿的影响。方法：选择我院2009年1月～2011年1月收治的GDM患者120例，依据血糖控制情况分为观察组（80例）和对照组（40例），对两组围生儿的结局进行比较分析。结果：观察组与对照组比较，羊水过多及妊娠高血压综合征（妊高征）发生率均降低，差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05），但产后出血、孕妇感染及剖宫产发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。观察组与对照组比较，早产儿、巨大儿、新生儿窒息发生率均降低。差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05），但新生儿低血糖及胎儿窘迫发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论：临床上给予GDM患者运动、饮食、胰岛素疗法等综合治疗，并加强系统的健康宣传教育，重视早期血糖检测，及时治疗，可提高围生儿及产妇的生存质量。

Objective： To investigate the influence of glycemic control on perinatal infants of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）. Methods： 120 cases of GDM patients in our hospital from January 2009 to January 2011 were divid- ed into observation group （80 cases） and control group （40 cases） according to glycemic control condition. The influence on the perinatal infants was analyzed. Results： The incidence rates of hydramnion and maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and there were significantly differences between the two groups（all P〈0.05）, but with no significant difference in the incidence rates of postpartum hemorrhage, maternal infection and cesarean section （all P〉0.05）. Compared with the control group, the incidence rates of premature infants, giant infants and neonatal asphyxia of the observation group were lower, and there were significantly differences between the two groups （all P〈0.05）, but with no significant difference in the incidence rates of neonatal hypoglycemia and fetal stress （all P〉0.05）. Conclusion： The clinical comprehensive therapies for GDM patients including exercise, diet and insulin therapy, strengthening of health education and emphasis on early detection and timely treatment of blood glucose have improved life quality of the perinatal infants and the maternity.