浑善达克沙地中部榆树疏林景观格局

Landscape Pattern of Elm Open Forest in the Center Part of Hunshandake Sandland

通过野外调查及3S技术,分析了浑善达克沙地中部榆树疏林景观的景观数量、景观面积及形状复杂性等景观格局特征。结果发现,疏林景观斑块数量高达100606个,但是77%的疏林斑块面积不到0.5hm2,表现为景观斑块数量多、面积小,斑块形状复杂,斑块破碎化比较严重,急需保护。在进行浑善达克沙地生态恢复时,首先考虑的应当是保护榆树疏林斑块的完整性,坚持景观斑块连片保护,提高保护效果。

Remote sensing provides a powerful tool to study the quantitative and qualitative information of landscape pattern. In order to explore landscape pattern traits of elm open forest in the center part of Hunshandake Sandland, northern China, the number, area, and shape index of landscape patch for elm open forest have been analyzed through the method of field survey and 3S technological applications. Spectral heterogeneity of sample plots is calculated using Landsat satellite TM images （6 bands, spatial resolution of 30m）. The results indicate that there exist 100606 landscape patches in the center part of Hunshandake Sandland. However, the area of most patches （77%） is smaller than 0.5hm^2, and patch shape index reaches at 0.11 averagely. Furthermore, the relationship between area and its shape index is also simulated using software SPSS, it is indicated that patch shape becomes more complexity with the decrease of patch area. These facts indicate that landscape fragmentation in elm open forest in the center part of Hunshandake Sandland is very serious, and needs to be immediately protected.