服务经济下北京城市空间结构的转型

On the transformation of Beijing's spatial structure from the point of view of service economy

城市空间结构是城市经济结构和城市社会结构的空间投影,城市经济结构的变化必然促进城市空间结构的转型。新中国成立后,几乎所有的中国城市都经历了由服务性城市向生产性城市的转型。改革开放以来,特别是1990年代的城市改革,使城市在区域中的中心功能地位得到强化,部分城市开始从生产性城市向服务性城市转型,服务经济快速增长,城市空间结构也经历了空间重组和功能转移。本研究运用北京市1949-2010年第三产业各部门增加值数据和主要时段第三产业用地空间布局状况,从产业链、产业支撑、产业融合和服务外包四种服务经济发展模式入手,分析了服务经济作为城市空间结构转型的内在机制和空间演化趋势。

Urban spatial structure is the space projec- tion of the urban economic structure and urban social structure. Urban economic restructure will promote the transformation of urban spatial structure. After 194-9, almost all Chinese cities have experienced their transformation from the service center to the production center. Since China launched the Reform and opening up polices, especially after the urban reform in the 1990s, some cities have their urban functions changed from the production center to the service center in order to play a role as a regional center city. These cities have had a rapid growth of service economy and also experienced urban spatial restructure and function shifting. By using the data of the 194.9 -2010 tertiary industry in Beijing and their land -use data, this article focuses on some main service economies such as financial industry, wholesale and retail trade, information industry, real estate, renting and business services. It tries to driven four services economic models such as the services economic industrial chain,main economic sector support, integration of manufacture and services economy as well as service outsourcing industry. And then it explains the mechanism and trends of transformation of urban spatial structure under the service economy in Beijing.