甘蔗茎尖脱毒组织培养技术研究进展

Advances in research on virus-free meristem tip tissue culture technology for sugarcane

文章从危害甘蔗的主要病害、甘蔗茎尖脱毒技术的发展及原理、甘蔗茎尖脱毒技术在生产上的应用、影响甘蔗茎尖脱毒效率的因素等方面介绍了甘蔗茎尖脱毒组培技术,提出培养基中植物生长调节剂的绝对浓度和配比、培养基的状态及如何解决培养中的酚污染等问题仍是甘蔗茎尖脱毒培养研究的热点。由于碱性孔雀绿、2,4-D、硫尿嘧啶、TS制剂(一种病毒钝化剂)等在其他作物组织培养脱毒培养中可以提高脱毒效率,因此,今后需研究这些化学制剂在甘蔗组培脱毒中的应用效果,并继续深入研究间歇浸没式反应器和植物无糖组培快繁技术等先进技术体系在甘蔗中的应用,运用新技术新设备提高甘蔗组培生产效率并降低生产成本。

The advances in virus-free tissue culture technology using meristem tip of sugarcane stalks were summarized in the paper with reference to developments in technique and its basic principles and the factors influencing virus-free tissue culture using meristem tip of sugarcane stalk. Currently, the combination and concentrations of various plant growth regulators, the composition of culture medium and generation of phenolic compounds in culture media during the culture are the main issues which are still remained to be optimized under different conditions. Researches showed that alkalinity and compounds such as malachite green, 2,4-D, thiouracil and TS preparation could enhance the efficiency of virus-free cultures in many crops. However, the use of these chemicals have not been fully exploited in sugarcane meristematic tip tissue culture. The optimization of some advanced tissue culture technologies such as temporary immersion bioreactor system, plant sugar-free tissue culture and rapid propagation technology has been discussed and use of novel technologies and modern equipments to enhance the production efficiency and reduce the production cost in tissue culture of sugarcane has been suggested.