温度对福寿螺生长发育及摄食的影响

Effect of different temperatures on growth, development and feeding of Pomacea canaliculata

【目的】探讨温度对福寿螺生长、发育、繁殖和取食的影响,找出其种群繁衍的最适宜温度,为研究福寿螺成灾机理及灾害预警积累基础材料。【方法】在不同温度条件下饲养不同发育阶段的福寿螺,考查其存活率、生长发育速度、产卵量及摄食量。【结果】幼螺及成螺在15～20℃中存活率最高,达90%以上;幼螺体重增加率、成螺产卵量、卵孵化率均以30℃饲养的最高;幼螺的平均最大摄食率在30℃时最高,成螺则在35℃时最高;福寿螺卵的发育起点温度为14.19℃,有效积温为137.41℃·d。【结论】30℃为福寿螺生长、发育及繁殖的最适宜温度。

[Objective]The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of temperature on growth, development, reproduction and feeding behaviour of Pomacea canaliculata in order to find out a suitable temperature for its population reproduction, and specially to investigate its growth and development mechanism to deal with disastrous conditions caused by it. [Method]The survival and growth rate, egg production and food intake of P. canaliculata were investigated by raising them under various temperature conditions at different developmental stages. [Result]The young and adult P. canaliculata attained highest survival rate （over 90%） at 15-20℃, the body weight increment rate of young P. canaliculata, egg production quantity and rate of egg hatching reached the highest at 30℃. The average maximum food intake level of young and adult P. canaliculata was found highest at 30 and 35℃, respectively. The threshold temperature for development of eggs was 14.19℃, and the effective accumulated temperature was 137.41℃·d. [Conclusion]The results revealed that 30℃ was the best temperature for the growth, development and reproduction of P. canaliculata.