糖尿病患者口腔健康状况及其影响因素分析

Investigation on oral health in diabetic patients and its influencing factors

目的了解糖尿病患者口腔健康状况,为临床实施早期口腔保健知识教育提供依据。方法自行设计糖尿病患者治疗依从性问卷调查表,对92例门诊诊治的糖尿病患者治疗依从性进行调查,同时进行口腔健康状况检查。结果 94.56%患者出现口腔黏膜异常,患慢性牙周疾病及牙齿异常情况分别占96.74%、100.00%;大部分患者存在2种以上口腔不良健康状况;不同文化程度、医疗保险类型、家庭经济收入、糖尿病确诊时间及治疗依从性患者的口腔健康状况存在差异(均P<0.01)。结论糖尿病患者口腔不良健康状况严重,应将口腔保健知识纳入到糖尿病健康教育内容中,以提高糖尿病患者治疗的依从性,预防和减少并发症发生,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To study oral health of diabetic patients,and to provide basis for clinical implementation of early oral health education.Methods A self-designed diabetic patient compliance questionnaire was utilized to investigate 92 diabetic outpatients.Meanwhile,oral examination was applied to these patients.Results The results revealed that 94.56% of the patients suffered from various oral mucosal abnormalities;96.74% of them were afflicted with chronic periodontal disease and 100% of them with tooth abnormalities.More than two kinds of oral health problems coexisted in the majority of patients.There were significant differences in levels of oral health in patients with various education backgrounds,medical insurances,family incomes,the varied time spans since confirmation of diabetes diagnosis,and self-compliance（P0.01 for all）. Conclusion The oral condition of diabetic patients is severe and far from satisfactory,indicating necessity to involve oral health knowledge into diabetic health education.Only in this way,can we improve diabetic patients′ compliance,prevent and reduce complication incidence,and promote patients′ quality of life.