新型蛋白标签在分子生物学中的应用

The use of novel protein tags in molecular biology

蛋白标签技术在细胞蛋白定位等基础研究中的应用已经极为日常化和普遍化。传统的融合蛋白标签在蛋白定位、转运、相互作用以及构象改变等研究中发挥重要作用。但是来自这类标签的信号不能随意开启,从而会妨碍一些蛋白表达、定位及降解的时间分辨研究。随着技术的不断进步,研究人员相继开发出了具有不同功能的新型蛋白标签。这些新型蛋白标签可为活细胞表面蛋白及细胞内蛋白成像、时间分辨标记、蛋白捕获及纯化、蛋白质定位及转运、活细胞内初期蛋白合成及复合体形成等蛋白动力学、脉冲追踪分析等方面的研究提供强有力的工具。

The use of protein tags in cell-based studies of protein localization has become routine and widespread.Traditional fusion tags have played a crucial role in protein localization,translocation,interaction,and conformational change.However,the signal from such tags cannot be routinely switched on at will,precluding some time-resolved studies of expression,localization,and degradation of protein.As technology advances,researchers have developed some novel protein tags with different functions.These novel protein tags provide powerful tools for studying imaging of intracellular proteins and cell surface proteins in live cells,time-resolved labeling,protein capture and purification,protein localization and turnover,examination of the temporal dynamics of nascent protein synthesis and complex formation in live cells,and pulse-chase studies.