农村公共服务需求偏好、结构与表达机制研究——基于我国东、中、西部及东北地区的问卷调查和统计

Frequency of Demand for Public Services in Rural Areas, Structureand Expression Mechanism: Based on survey and statistics in eastern,central,western and northeastern regions of China

农民公共需求的偏好是政府提供农村公共服务的重要依据。在对我国东、中、西部及东北地区大样本问卷调查的数据统计基础上,本文通过构建农村公共服务需求层次与供给结构模型并进行深入地分析,研究表明,当前我国农村公共服务需求的位序呈现"核心公共服务→基础性公共服务→支持性公共服务"的排列规律。建立以农民需求为导向的公共服务表达机制要在基层民主的逻辑下,将分散化的农民意愿吸纳到国家整体中来,规避村民自治的制度"空洞化",进一步完善"一事一议"的程序设计,以实现政府公共服务供给与农民实际需求的相互吻合。

Farmers＇ preference of public demand provides an important basis for for the government to provide public services in rural areas.Based on a large sample surveys and statistics of China＇s eastern,central,west and northeast areas,this paper demands for public services in rural areas by building a hierarchical model with the structure of supply and in-depth analysis,and then,the research showed that China＇s current demand for public services in rural areas showing the sequence like this ＂core public services→basic public services→supporting public service＂.The establishment of farmers＇ demand- oriented public service mechanism to express the logic of democracy at the grassroots level,and farmers would be decentralized to the country to absorb the whole in an effort to circumvent the system of village self-government ＂hollowing out＂,to further improve the ＂subject to deliberations＂ of program designed to achieve the goal that the government to provide mutual agreement with the actual needs of farmers.