论均衡输沙与河床演变的平衡趋向

Equilibrium trend of sediment transportation and river morphology

河床时空演变异常复杂。如何从复杂多变的现象中抓住本质,其中最重要的一条,就是要掌握泥沙输移与河床演变的平衡趋向,这对认清其发展态势和预估变化前景是很有意义的。本文从冲淤导向反面、河道均衡输沙、水库建立均衡输沙过程、水库下游和径流量减少的河道的均衡输沙等四个方面进行了论述。其中列举了大量实际资料和深入的理论分析,指出了其平衡趋向和达到平衡的过程。本文对于认识一般输沙与河床演变、揭示其机理,也是有意义的。

The fluvial morphology is continuously changed in time and is a complicated process.One of the main characteristics of the process is the equilibrium trend of sediment transport and river morphology,to have a good command of which is helpful for understanding the tendency of fluvial processes and estimating the prospect of the process.Four aspects,i.e.,the development of deposition and scour always trending to its contrary situation,the equilibrium trend of sediment transport,the process of development to equilibrium of sediment transport in reservoirs and the trend of sediment transport in the river reach downstream a reservoir or under reducing runoff,are classified in thirteen topics and described in this paper.A large amount of field data and theoretical analysis demonstrate the equilibrium trend and the development process.The study results are significant for understanding the mechanism of sediment transport and fluvial processes.