三峡水库运用后监利河段航道演变研究

Study of fluvial processes in Jianli reach of Yangtze River after commissioning of Three Gorges Project

监利河段是长江中游碍航水道之一,特别是三峡蓄水以来,碍航问题十分严重,本文建立监利河段平面二维水沙数学模型,并采用试验资料对该模型进行了检验。在此基础上,采用该模型计算了不同水沙组合条件下监利河段的河床演变趋势,结果表明,监利河段在自然条件下总体河势不会发生大的改变;乌龟夹将作为主汊长期存在,特别是三峡蓄水运用以后,乌龟夹的主汊地位将会进一步加强;随着三峡蓄水时间的推移,洲头心滩前缘冲刷,下侧淤积,滩体向左岸及下游延伸,乌龟洲洲头及右缘继续冲刷后退,浅滩的形势不会发生改变;乌龟夹口门处的浅区将继续存在,仍然是碍航的主要因素。最后,提出了相应的整治措施。

The Jianli reach is one of the obstructive waterways in the Yangtze River and becomes worse since the commissioning of the Three Gorges Project.The paper constructs a plane 2-D water and sediment mathematical model for the Jianli reach and the evolution process of the Jianli reach is simulated.Experimental data are used to verify the model.The results show that the river regime will not change greatly under natural conditions,and the Wuguijia reach will exist perennially as the main channel,especially after the commissiong of the Three Gorges Project.Along with the operation of the Three Gorges Project,the head of Wugui island will be eroded continuously,and the shoal will not change much,which is still the main navigation obstruction.Finally,some river regulation methods are proposed in the paper.