汉语幽默中透射出的语用学

Pragmatics Reflected from Chinese Humors

幽默一词源于英文"humor",是开朗、自信和智慧的表现。它的产生一方面离不开语言本身的内在规律,另一方面也在很大程度上有赖于语言在语境中的使用情况。而语用学(pragmatics)的任务就是研究特定的言语(utterance)在特定的语境(contexture)中使用所产生的交际功能。本文主要根据语用学的原理,运用格赖斯(H.P.Grice)的会话合作原则(CP)和预设(presupposition)理论来分析汉语中一些言语行为制造出强烈的幽默效果的机制。

＂humors＂ reflect one＇s openness,confidence and wisdom.They not only make others laugh,but also amuse the person himself/herself.Hence enhancing one’s communicating with others.The occurring of sense of humor depends on the inner principle of language and the context in which the language is used.The task of Pragmatics is to do research on the communicational functions of a certain utterance used in a specific contexture.Based mainly on the principles of CP and presupposition,this article analyzes the mechanism of humoring in some Chinese utterances.