齐如山视域中的京剧起源

On Origin of Beijing Opera from Qi Rushan′s View

在京剧的起源问题上齐如山提出了独特的看法,他大胆推测西皮与二簧均起源于陕西南部汉中一带,西皮与二簧的合奏最早实现在陕西的皮影戏中,其证据有二:一是经间接的田野调查后,认为二簧产生于陕西南部兴安府东边一带;二是经深入比较陕西皮影戏与早期京剧的表演风格与舞台特点后,认为西皮腔最早产生于皮影戏,且西皮与二簧的合奏最早实现在皮影戏中。此说对于"京剧学"的建构具有重要意义。

Qi Rushang had brought forward unique views on the origin of Beijing opera. He inferred boldly that Xipi and Erhuang came from Hanzhong area of south Shanxi, and Xipi and Erhuang would play together initially in Shanxi＇ Plying show. There were two evidence ： one was regarding Erhuaug coming from the east part of Xingan District of the south Shanxi through indirect field investigations ; the other was regarding Xipi tunes produced from Plying show and the ensemble of Xipi and Erhuang realized initially in Plying show by comparing deeply the performance style and stage characteristics between Shanxi Plying show and prime Beijing opera, This view has important significance in the formation of ＂Beijing opera study＂.