石墨烯衍生物的合成及应用

Graphene Derivatives:Synthesis and Applications

石墨烯是继富勒烯、碳纳米管之后碳纳米材料研究领域涌现出来的又一颗崭亮新星。表面功能化处理是强化石墨烯优异的本征性能和赋予其他新功能的主要技术途径。近年来,研究者相继开发了一系列石墨烯改性与功能化的技术方法,制备得到了多种结构特异、组成丰富和性能独特的石墨烯衍生物。本文基于该领域研究的最新进展,从石墨烯化学的角度出发,综述了石墨烯主要衍生物的制备方法以及应用途径,其中主要包括石墨烯的加氢与氟化、有机功能化、聚合物对石墨烯的共价与非共价修饰、石墨烯衍生物在生物医药研究领域的应用等,并对目前相关研究领域的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。

As a new member of carbon nanomaterials,graphene has been known as a sharply rising star after the discovery of fullerene and carbon nanotubes.Functionalization,a critical route toward practical application in diverse fields such as materials,physics,chemistry,biology,etc.will enhance intrinsic and/or add new features to graphene.Up to now,a series of methodologies,including hydrogenation,fluorination,functionalization by small organic molecules as well as polymer for the creation of various graphene derivatives with a great many special structures,compositions and properties,have been developed.This review presents a comprehensive outline and state-of-art description of the present research status on the fast development of graphene derivatives in recent years.The biomedical performance of those derivatives has been highlighted,as well as a forward outlook on their applications in various fields.