《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》与陀思妥耶夫斯基的“叙事哲学”

The Brothers Karamazov and Dostoevsky's "Narrative Philosophy"

俄国作家陀思妥耶夫斯基作为一位通过叙事来表达思想的"哲学家",其"叙事的哲学"与哲学家们的"理论哲学",体现的是两种不同的话语言说规则。理论哲学追求体系的完整,逻辑的严密,而叙事哲学则有赖于故事、情境,作家思想的探索永远与对小说中人物命运的关注联系在一起。叙事哲学也常常是复杂的,对话性的,甚至充满了悖缪、矛盾,它也永远是未完成的。它使作品的思想的表达充满了巨大的张力,这也恰恰构成了叙事哲学的魅力所在。

As a ＂philosopher＂ who expresses his thoughts through narration, Dostoevsky＇s ＂narrative philosophy＂ is different from philosophers’ ＂academic philosophy＂ in that they embody two different discourses. The latter pursues system completeness and logic strictness while the former depends on stories and contexts and the exploration of a writer＇s ideas is always connected with his concern over the fates of the characters in his novel. The narrative philosophy is complicated, dialogic, and even full of paradoxes and contradictions. It is always unfinished. All these characteristics of narrative philosophy endow literary works with great tension in expressing ideas. This is where its glamour lies.