1989-2006年中国九省（区）居民谷类食物消费状况及变化趋势

The status and trend of cereal consumption among Chinese adults in nine provinces （municipality） from 1989 to 2006

目的探讨中国9个省（自治区）18～59岁居民在1989--2006年谷类食物消费状况及变化趋势。方法以1989、1991、1993、1997、2000、2004、2006年中国健康与营养调查项目中连续3d24h回顾法膳食调查数据为基础。选择有完整膳食调查资料的18～59岁健康居民作为研究对象，7轮调查中符合要求的样本人数分别为5978、7566、7492、7738、8439、7484和7157名。分析不同年份、性别、年龄、地区人群谷类食物消费率和摄入量。结果我国9个省（自治区）18～59岁居民平均谷类食物摄人量从1989年的522．3g／d下降到2006年的431．9g／d（X^2=2421．76，P〈0．01）。男性平均谷类食物摄入量从1989年的545．6g／d下降到2006年的471．6g／d（X^2=861．21，P〈0．01）；女性从1989年的500．3g／d下降到2006年的395．5g／d（X^2=1844．13，P〈0．01）。2006年与1989年相比，女性、郊区、18～29岁年龄组和受教育程度为大专及以上居民的平均谷类食物消费量分别减少了104．8、134．4、103．3和98．2g。18～59岁居民大米消费率从1989年的79．9％（4776／5978）升高到2006年的87．3％（6248／7157）（Z=18．45，P〈0．01），面粉消费率从1989年的63．3％（3784／5978）升高到2006年的80．2％（5740／7157）（Z=27．28，P〈0．01）。结论我国9个省（自治区）18～59岁居民谷类食物摄入量呈不断下降趋势，以女性、郊区、18～29岁年龄组和受教育程度为大专及以上居民的谷类食物摄人量下降幅度更大。

Objective To explore the status and trend of cereal consumption among Chinese adults aged 18 to 59 years in nine provinces（municipality） from 1989 to 2006. Methods The survey data were collected by consecutive 3 d 24 h dietary recall method in 1989, 1991,1993,1997,2000,2004 and 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey Project. The subjects aged 18 - 59 years with complete information on dietary survey were included. The sample number of the subjects were 5978,7566,7492,7738,8439,7484 and 7157 in the 7 round surveys from 1989 to 2006, respectively. The trends of their cereal consuming rate and daily intake were analyzed by year, gender, age and regions. Results The cereal intake of 18 -59 years old Chinese adults in 9 provinces （municipality） decreased from 522.3 g/d in 1989 to 431.9 g/d in 2006 （X^2 = 2421.76,P 〈 0. 01 ）. The cereal intake of males decreased from 545.6 g/d in 1989 to 471.6 g/d in 2006 （X^2=861.21 ,P 〈0. 01 ） and females decreased from 500. 3 g/d in 1989 to 395.5 g/d in 2006 （X2 = 1844. 13 ,P 〈 0. 01 ）. Compared with 1989, the average cereal consumption were reduced to 104. 8,134.4, 103.3 and 98. 2 g in the suburban,female, 18 to 29 years old age group and level of education for college and above separately in 2006. The rice consuming rate among l 8 - 59 year-old residents increased from 79.9% （4776/5978） in 1989 to 87.3% （6248/7157） （Z= 18.45,P〈 0.01） in 2006, the wheat consuming rate increased from 63.3% （ 3784/5978 ） in 1989 to 80. 2% （5740/7157） （ Z = 27. 28, P 〈 0. 01 ） in 2006. Conclusion The present study indicated that there was a decreasing trend of cereal intake among Chinese adults aged 18 -59 years in 9 provinces（municipality）. In the stratified groups, cereal intake in groups of female, suburb ,aged 18 -59 years and higher educational level decreased significantly.