基于产业链视角的中国钢铁产业国际竞争力研究

Study on Chinese Steel Industry's International Competitiveness Based on the Perspective of Industrial Chain

基于产业链的视角,构建了一套钢铁产业国际竞争力评价方法,分析了1995年以来中国钢铁产业国际竞争力的变迁,并进行了国际比较.结果表明:在样本期间内,中国钢铁产业国际竞争力增强趋势明显,但在不同阶段引起钢铁产业国际竞争力提升的因素差异较大.中国钢铁产业国际竞争力低于德国、美国、意大利和日本等发达国家,高于巴西与印度尼西亚等发展中国家.中国钢铁产业能源效率较低,对能源的依赖明显高于发达国家,中国等发展中国家服务业对钢铁产业的国内供给能力普遍低于美国等发达国家;中国服务业对钢铁产业支撑作用下降,能源产业支撑作用微弱上升.中国国内产业需求对钢铁产业的支撑作用收敛于发达国家,且发展中国家的建筑业需求贡献度较大.

Based on the perspective of industrial chain, is paper constructed a perspective of steel industry inter- national competitiveness evaluation method to analyze the transition of Chinese steel industry/s international competitiveness since 1995. The an alysis indicate sthat, in the sample period, the increasing trend of Chinese steel industry/s international competitiveness is obvious. However, the factors diverged in differem stage. The imernational competitiveness of Chinese steel industry is lower than the developed countries, such as Germany, the United States,Italy and Japan, while higher than the developing countries like Brazil and Indonesia~ The efficiency of energy using is much lower and its dependence on energy is higher than the developed countries China and other developing countries supply capacity of service industry for steel industry is lower than such developed cotmtries as America The service industrys supply capacity for steel industry is declining and the energy industry＇s support increased slightly. Finally, the support of Chinas domestic industry for steel industry converged to the developed countries and the developing countrieg construction industry＇s demand contributesed mostly in all.