山西农村地区受艾滋病影响儿童心理状况的质性研究

A Qualitative Study on the Psychological Impact of Children Affected by HIV in Rural Shanxi

目的:探索山西农村受艾滋病影响严重地区的受艾滋病影响儿童的心理状况,为进一步干预发展提供对策。方法:采用半结构化访谈的方法,对23名受艾滋病影响儿童进行调查。结果:该地区受艾滋病影响儿童存在恐惧、悲伤、担忧等负性情绪;有1/3以上的儿童受到过歧视,歧视形式主要为拒绝、孤立和嘲笑。儿童主要依赖抚养人、同伴和老师获得心理上的支持;儿童能够以较积极的方式应对不良情绪。结论:受艾滋病影响儿童心理状况较差,同伴支持、社会支持援助对受艾滋病影响儿童的心理健康发展能够起到一定作用,需要采取综合心理干预的手段改善儿童的心理状态。

Objective： To explore the psychological status of children affected by HIV in rural Shanxi, in order to better understand the HIV-affected children and exert intervention on them. Methods： Qualitative study was used. HIV-affected children （n=23） were interviewed by semi-structured questionnaire. Results： The HIV-affected children were experiencing negative emotional issues such as fear, sadness, worry, etc. Children mainly get psychological support from supporter, companion and teachers. Children are able to respond to negative emotions in a positive way. One third children have experiences of discrimination, including rejection, isolation and ridicule. Conclusion： HIV-affected children is in bad mental health situation, and support from friends and society can promote the development of their mental health, which should be contained to the psychological interventions.