大学生就业压力问卷的初步编制

Development of job-hunting stress questionnaire for college students

目的编制大学生就业压力问卷,为进一步研究提供有效的测量工具。方法在文献调研、开放式问卷调查和深度访谈的基础上,形成初步的大学生就业压力问卷项目。对218名本科毕业生进行预测,通过探索性因素分析进行项目筛选和因子提取形成初步的问卷结构,然后对516名学生进行正式施测,对问卷进行信度、效度检验和验证性因素分析。结果大学生就业压力问卷由就业支持、职业模糊、求职挫折、个人能力、就业期望5个维度构成,累计解释率为54.057%,共39个题目。验证性因素分析表明该问卷的理论结构模型拟合良好。问卷总体及各因子的内部一致性系数为0.785～0.948,重测信度为0.720～0.859。问卷与流调中心抑郁量表、状态焦虑量表呈显著正相关,与自尊量表呈显著负相关。结论该问卷具有良好的信效度,可以作为评鉴大学生就业压力的有效工具。

Objective To develop the college students′ job-hunting stress questionnaire as a effective measurement tools for further study. Methods The preliminary items of job-hunting stress questionnaire compiled for college students based on the literature review,open questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews.Primary survey to 218 college students,the preliminary questionnaire structure formed by items selection and factors extraction through exploratory factor analysis,then the formal survey to 516 college students was taken,the analysis of reliability,validity and confirmatory factor was carried on according to the result. Results The questionnaire included 39 items and was composed of five dimensions,which were job-hunting support,vocational fuzzy,job-hunting frustration,personal ability,employment expectations.The cumulative rate of interpretation was 54.057%,good fit of theoretical model.Uniformity coefficient of the questionnaire ranged from 0.785 to 0.948 and the retest reliability ranged from 0.720 to 0.859.The questionnaire was significant positive correlation to center for epidemiologic studies depression scale and state anxiety inventory,but significant negative correlation to self-esteem scale. Conclusion The reliability and validity of this questionnaire was satisfactory,it can be used as an effective evaluation tool for students job-hunting stress assessment.