一种概念界定的工具:原子图谱法——以“绩效”、“政府绩效”、“政府绩效评估”概念为例

An Atomic Atlas Tool to Define a Definition:An Example of the Definition of Performance

科学研究中经常需要面对一个个不容易界定的概念,而这些不容易界定的概念往往都是研究的重点甚至研究的重心,这使得概念界定成为一个看似简单,却很难真正做到位的研究工作。从目前常见的概念界定方式来看,"站在巨人的肩膀上"无疑是一种省时省力的方式,然而这种方法在应用中却存在着"认认真真走过场"的现象,如何提高其效率是个需要面对的问题。我们尝试性地提出了一种原子图谱的方式,采取分析概念的心像的方式来引入大样本统计的思想来提高"站在巨人的肩膀上"的效率,这是一种"客观德尔菲法"。在原子图谱的基础上,我们以"政府绩效"相关概念界定为例展示了如何使用原子图谱法并最终确定之。

In the research field,we have to face series of difficult words to define,while these words often tend to be the key points of the study,so we must find an efficient way to define them properly.At present,the way of 'Standing on the giant's shoulders' is widely used to define almost all the definitions.What disappointed us is that although the way of Standing on the giant's shoulders is a way costs little and spares time;it is abnormally use in varied researches.We are needed to find a method or tool to improve the efficiency of the way.In this paper,we conceive a tool of atomic atlas that could be used to calculate the images of a definition so as to make a sure definition to a certain word.At last,we put the atomic atlas tool into practice to define the definition of 'performance'.