离子液体[C_2mim][Val]对小麦幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of Ionic Liquid [C_2mim][Val] on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Wheat Seedlings

采用实验室营养液水培方法,主要研究了离子液体1-甲基-3-乙基-咪唑缬氨酸盐([C2mim][Val])对小麦幼苗生长及叶片保护酶活性的影响。结果表明,就小麦种子发芽这一生态毒理指标而言,[C2mim][Val]浓度为200～500mg·L-1时其发芽率显著降低;从生长角度来看,小麦幼苗对100～200mg·L-1浓度的处理不敏感,生长指标没有显著变化,在300～500mg·L-1处理下,小麦幼苗地上部及地下部生物量、株高、根长发生显著变化,均受到明显的抑制,且抑制效应具有典型的剂量依赖型特点。不同浓度[C2mim][Val]处理均致使超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性下降,且浓度越高抑制作用越明显;100～200mg·L-1浓度处理在8～13d过氧化物酶(POD)活性高于对照,后期不显著,300～500mg·L-1浓度胁迫后期(18d),其活性均发生显著的变化,分别为对照的84%、83%、74%,并造成膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量升高,表明300～500mg·L-1浓度胁迫使植物生长受到抑制。[C2mim][Val]的亲水性及亲脂特性可能是其对植物存在潜在毒性的2个主要原因。

Ionic liquids（IL） have attracted considerable attention from industry and the academic community as a new-generation ＂greener＂solvent.With the application of ionic liquids,their toxicity on the plants has become focused.In this paper,the effects of ionic liquid,1-methyl-3-ethyl-imidazole valine salt[C2mim] [Val] on wheat seedling growth and leaf protective enzyme activities were evaluated by water culture tests with different concentrations of [C2mim] [Val]（0、25、50、100、200、300、400、500 mg·L-1）.The results showed that the seed germination rate decreased significantly from the concentration of 200 mg·L-1 to 500 mg·L-1.The growth of wheat seedling was insensitive to the treatment of 100~200 mg·L-1.Under 300~500 mg·L-1 processing,aboveground and underground biomass,plant height and root length were inhibited obviously.In addition,the activities of super oxide dismutase（SOD） decreased with different concentrations of ILs,and the inhibitory effect was more obvious with the higher concentration.Treated 8~13 d at 100~200 mg·L-1 ILs,the activities of guaicol peroxidase（POD） increased in different concentration of ILs.After treated 18 d at 300~500 mg·L-1 ILs,POD activity decreased 84%、83%、74% to controlling,and the content of malondialdehyde（MDA） in wheat seedlings increased too.The growth of wheat seedlings were inhabited at 300~500 mg·L-1.