脑血管造影术中X射线机房内辐射剂量分布研究

Distribution of radiation dose in X-ray room in cerebral angiography operations

目的研究脑血管造影术中不同照射方向下X射线机房内辐射剂量场的分布情况。方法选用脑血管造影术程序，选取后前位、前后位、右前斜30°、左前斜30°、右侧位和左侧位6种照射方式，使用451B型空气电离室巡测仪对以散射模体为中心、半径为3m范围内的辐射场的剂量率分布进行测量。结果后前位及右侧位照射时主要操作人员所受到的辐射剂量最低，均为0．4mGy／h；左侧位照射时主要操作人员受到的辐射剂量最高，为1．54mGy／h；机架侧区域的辐射剂量水平最低，均小于10μGy／h。结论在脑血管造影术中，医护操作人员应尽可能选择剂量较低的后前位及右侧位照射方式投照，并合理选择工作位置，可明显降低受照剂量。

Objective To determine the distribution of irradiation dose in X-ray room with different radiation directions in cerebral angiography operations. Methods The Model 451B air ionization chamber survey meter was used to measure the irradiation dose distribution in the X-ray room when cerebral angiographies were performed at high kV and high dose. The doses were measured within 3 m when the phantom was irradiated in posterior-anterior （PA） position, anterior-posterior（AP） position, right anterior oblique （RAO） 30°, left anterior oblique （LAO） 30°, right-lateral （RL） position, and left-lateral（LL） position, respectively. Results Both the relative data and the distribution curves of the six radiation directions were obtained by using the same interventional operation model. The irradiation dose to the primary operator was minimal in P-A and RL positions,at 0.4 mGy/h, and was maximal in LL position, at up to 1.54 mGy/h. Furthermore, the lowest irradiation dose level was found to be lower than 10μGy/h at the side of the framework field. Conclusions Low-irradiation position and rational work place were proposed to reduce the operators＇ absorption dose during interventional radiology procedures.