儿童户尘螨致敏的临床流行病学特征

Clinical Epidemiologic Features in Children Allergic to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

目的了解杭州市及其周边地区儿童变态反应性疾病中户尘螨的致敏情况。方法对临床疑似患有过敏性变态反应性疾病患儿,采用免疫印迹法检测,对总IgE>100 IU/ml,且户尘螨特异性IgE≥0.35IU/ml的患儿临床资料进行分析。结果过敏性变态反应性疾病中户尘螨致敏率为41.2%(3 878/9 422),主要是过敏性鼻炎47.8%(1 852/3 878)和哮喘18.5%(716/3 878),一年中7、8和10月为户尘螨变态反应性疾病的高发期;其中男性占68.8%(2 668/3 878),女性占31.2%(1 210/3 878),年龄以3岁以上为主。结论户尘螨是影响杭州市及其周边地区变态反应性疾病儿童的重要变应原。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in children allergic diseases in Hangzhou and its surrounding areas. Methods Western blotting was used to detect the serum antibody for 9 422 children who were admitted due to clinically suspected allergic diseases. Clinical epidemiological features were analyzed for those with total IgE〉100 IU/ml and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus-specific IgE≥0.35 IU/ml. Results The prevalence of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in children with allergic diseases was 41.2% （3 878/9 422） . The most common symptoms were allergic rhinitis [47.8%（1 852/3 878）] and asthma [18.5%（716/3 878）]. The allergic diseases were most prevalent in July, August and October. The diseases were more prevalent in children over 3 years old and above. more in males [68.8%（2668/3878）] than females [31.2%（1210/3878）]. Conclusion Data suggest that Dermatophagoldes pteronssintus is an important allergen causing allergic diseases in children in Hangzhou.