覆膜处理对稻田主要杂草的防效研究

Control Effect of Plastic Film Cover against Weeds in Rice Field

为了明确覆膜对稻田主要杂草的影响,研究比较稻田覆膜和化学除草2种方法对杂草的防效。结果表明,稻田覆膜在收获前10 d对稻田常见杂草稗草、莎草、鸭舌草、野荸荠、丁香蓼的株防效分别为90.0%、92.6%、100%、83.3%、100%,比常规栽培模式施用除草剂的防效分别高出20.0、40.7、23.1、16.6、33.4个百分点。稻田覆膜对以上几种杂草的鲜质量防效均在85%以上,分别比常规栽培模式施用除草剂的防效高出20.5、33.4、20.4、18.6、10.8个百分点。同时,稻田覆膜还可提高水稻产量22.7%,使每公顷经济效益增加2 574元。

To understand the control effect of covering rice field with plastic film against the main weeds,the efficacies by covering with plastic film and chemical control were compared.After the rice field was covered with plastic film,the control efficacy based on plants at 10 days before harvest against the common weeds such as Echinochloa crusgalli L.Beauv,Cyperus rotundus L.,Monochoria pauciflora（Bl.）Kunth.,Heleocharis plantagineiformis Tang et Wang,and Ludwigia prostrata Roxb was 90.0%,92.6%,100%,83.3%,100%,separately increased by 20.0,40.7,23.1,16.6 and 33.4 percentage points than conventional cultivation with chemical weed control.The control efficacy based on weed fresh qualities against the five weeds was all over 85%,increased by 20.5,33.4,20.4,18.6,10.8 percentage points than conventional cultivation with chemical weed control.In addition,the cultivation mode of covering rice field with plastic film increased rice yield by 22.7% and economic benefit by 2574 yuan per hectare than conventional cultivation.