语言学术语翻译的原则和“三从四得”——应姜望琪之“答”

The Principle and Three Kinds of Pre-emptiveness for Translation of Linguistic Terms: in Reply to Jiang's "Accuracy View"

从元语言学以及语用翻译学视角考察了语言学术语翻译的问题和方法,在应答姜望琪之"准确观"的过程中,进一步阐释了"系统—可辨性原则",梳理了术语翻译的准确性以及它同其他诸"性"的对立统一关系,认为"准确性不可丢",但在难求绝对准确性时可以到准确性的圈外,即"系统性、可辨性(以及可读性、透明性)"那里去"求准"。不存在不服务于系统性和可辨性的可读性和透明性,也不存在有悖于系统性和可辨性的准确性。讨论了透明性的相对性以及它和理据性的相通性,阐释了术语翻译的"三从四得",即"从他、从众、从己"以及可获得的四种结果。

From a metalinguistic and pragmatranslatological perspective, this thesis explores the big issues and methods of translation of linguistic terminology. In the process of discussion with Jiang Wangqi＇s ＂Accuracy View＂, the paper revisits Systematicity-Distinguishability Principle（SDP）, making clear such terms as accuracy, readability, transparency, systematicity, distinguishability, and conventionality. The paper holds that the translator should strive for accuracy, and when con- fronted with trouble, he should look for accuracy by seeking other relevant goals as represented by the other above-mentioned terms. The author notes that just as there can be no readability or transparency that does not serve systematicity and distinguishability, there can be no accuracy that goes against systematicity and distinguishability. Then comes a discussion of the synonymousness of transparency and motivation, and an explanation of author- and conventionality-pre-emptiveness, and self-pre-emptiveness, with four varied consequences.