水环境污染事故的危害指数评价与计算方法

针对频发的突发性水污染事故,阐述了在风险预警系统建立的基础上,如何依据水体中污染物迁移转化基本方程进行合理简化和数学推导,得出用于鉴别环境危害状态、表征环境危害程度、描述事故危害等级、估算事故危害区范围和危害时间的风险评估模式。该模式可为环境风险管理以及突发性环境污染应急预案的制定提供科学依据。

To confront with the water pollution accidents, this paper expounds how to simplify reasonably and deduce mathematically the basic equation of the water pollutants migration on the basis of establishment of risk early-warning system, as to establish the risk assessment model to identify the state of environmental hazards, characterize the degree of environmental harm, describe the rating of accident harm, estimate the range and time of damage. This pattern can provide scientific basis for environmental risk management and formulating emergency environmental pollution contingency plans.