儒家文质观与其人性论的内在关联

On the Intrinsic Connection between Confucian Theory of Human Nature and View on Style and Content

美学界对儒家文质观的研究都基本上忽略了其与儒家人性论的关系,并认为儒家都主张文质彬彬,从而又忽略了孔子、孟子和荀子的文质观的差别。究其实,孟子主张性善,所以他重质不重文,主张先质后文、要以质救文;荀子认为性恶,所以他重文不重质,注重以文灭质;性善论和性恶论的因素在孔子的思想中都具有,所以他主张文质彬彬,既主张先质后文,又主张以文救质。

The studies of Confucian view on style and content in the aesthetic circle have almost all neglected its relation with the theory of human nature and hold that Confueians pursue equal half of style and content. However, these studies over- look the difference of views on style and content among Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi. Originally, Mencius held the good na- ture theory, so he emphasized content instead of style. He thought that content should be superior to style and we should save style with content. Xunzi insisted in the evil nature theory, so he stressed style in stead of content. The factors of both good nature theory and evil nature theory can be seen in Confucian thoughts. So he held the equal half of style and content. And ac- cording to him, content could be superior to style and it could also be polished with style.