电加热集油能耗分析及理论计算方法的修正

Analysis of energy-consumption for electric heating oil gathering and correction for theoretical calculation

电加热集油工艺的应用简化了地面建设模式，有效地降低了地面建设投资。该工艺在大庆油田得到成功应用，但通过调查发现现场实际耗电量与理论计算值有较大偏差，通过分析得出电加热集油能耗理论计算值高于实际能耗的原因是：夏季运行时由于环境温度的升高，使井口电加热器部分停运或降低加热温度，导致井口加热耗电量降低；当环境温度升高时，管线上散热量降低，同时电热管也可局部停运，导致管线保温耗电量降低；由于电热管运行一段时间后，会形成一个稳定的温度场，管道周围的环境温度比理论计算值高，从而导致管道散热量降低。本文结合实际对理论计算方法进行修正，拟合出新的能耗计算方法，即电加热总耗电量一井口电加热器耗电量×0．75＋电热管保温耗电量×0．7。修正后的电加热能耗计算数据更接近于实际。

The ground construction mode has been simplified and the surface construction investments have been reduced effectively by the application of the electric heating oil gathering process.The process has been successfully applied in Daqing oilfield,but there is a greater deviation between the actual power consumption and the theoretical calculation value after investigating.The three reasons that the calculated values are greater than the actual power consumption are as follows.First,because the ambient temperature of running increases in summer,a part of electric heaters in wellhead should be stopped or the heating temperature and the power consumption in wellhead should decrease.Second,when the ambient temperature increases,the heat dissipation of pipeline should decrease,a part of electric heating pipe should be stopped and the power consumption for the thermal insulation of pipeline should decrease.Third,after the electric heating tube has run for some time,a stable temperature field has been formed,the ambient temperature around the pipeline is higher than the calculated values by the theory,so the heat dissipation of pipeline should decrease.The theoretical calculation method should be revised according to the actual conditions and the new calculation method for power consumption has been obtained as follow.The total power consumption for electric heating = the power consumption for electric heating on wellhead × 0.75 + the power consumption for insulation on pipeline × 0.7.Since the new calculation method has been used,the power consumption for electric heating oil gathering has decreased greatly and there will be a broad foreground for application.