地应力测量在深埋长大隧道岩爆预测中的应用

Application of Geostress Measurement for Rockburst Forecast in Deep-buried Long and Large Tunnels

高地应力是岩爆发生的必要条件,地应力测量则已经成为岩爆预测的重要内容。本文在介绍水压致裂地应力测量的基本原理及试验步骤的基础上,进行了西周岭隧道的地应力测量,根据测量结果,采用Russenes和Turchaninov二个岩爆判据进行了隧道岩爆综合预测,认为西周岭隧道有发生弱～中等岩爆的可能性。同时,将理论分析结果与实际施工情况进行了对比,认为岩爆理论分析结果与实际情况存在偏差的原因在于岩爆的理论判据没有结合具体的地质情况和施工情况。建议在隧道施工过程中,借助现场量测的基本数据结合现场施工的具体情况进行岩爆预测,以便更准确地预报岩爆的范围及烈度,防止岩爆灾害的发生。

High geostress is a necessary condition for rockburst and the geostress measurement is an important factor for the forecast of rockburst.The principles and test methods of geostress measurement by hydraulic fracturing are presented in this paper.The initial geo-stress field in Xizhouling tunnel was researched by the method of hydraulic fracturing.Based on the geo-stress measurement results and two distinguish methods for rockburst,the Russenes method and Turchaninov method,rock bursts are forecasted during the tunnel construction,The results show that there are high possibilities of occurring weak and moderate rockbursts in this tunnel.Meanwhile,this paper compared the theoretical results with those from the actual construction,results were not the same.The reason causing the deviation was that in analysis the specific geological conditions and construction conditions were not considered.In order to forecast the extent and intensity of rockburst,more accurately,the rockburst forecast should be combined with field measurement data with consideration of specific geological conditions and construction conditions during the process of tunnel construction.