血管性痴呆小鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞形态结构及石杉碱甲对其影响

The morphology of neurons in vascular dementia mouse hippocampus CA1 area and the effect of huperzine

目的:观测血管性痴呆(VD)小鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞及石杉碱甲的治疗效果。方法:制作VD动物模型,并设立假手术组、石杉碱甲组;测试学习和记忆成绩;观测海马CA1区锥体细胞及顶树突,透射电镜观察其超微结构。结果:模型组学习和记忆成绩降低(P<0.05),且海马CA1区锥体细胞数目也降低(P<0.05),其顶树突总长度显著缩短,电镜下超微结构改变:细胞固缩,细胞膜及内质网膜溶解线粒体嵴减少,核膜皱缩;石杉碱甲组学习和记忆成绩均改善(P<0.05),且海马CA1区锥体细胞数目、顶树突总长度也增加(P<0.05)。结论:VD小鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞细胞数目减少、树突缩短、细胞器损害可能参与了VD的发病机制;石杉碱甲可以改善其形态结构的改变而改善临床症状。

Objective： To observe the their shape and ultrastructure change in neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area of the mice with vascular dementia （VD） and the influence of drugs （huperzine） enhancing intelligence. Methods： The models of VD were established with the shamed-operation group as control group and drug groups. The changes of behavior were observed. Then, the microcosmic changes of hippoeampus were observed under microscopy, neurons of CA1 section were counted comparatively and the total length of apical dendrites were measured. The ultrastrueture change of hippoeampal CA1 pyramidal neurons was observed under transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Results： The results of mouses learning and memory in model group were inferior （P 〈 0.05） ; the results from drug group and shamed-operation group had no significant difference. The neurons in hippoeampus CA1 section of model group were reduced distinctly （P 〈 0.05）, the total length of apical dendrites of hippoeampal CA1 pyramidal neurons was shortened （P 〈 0.05）, but medicine group ameliorated apparently （P 〈 0.05）. Ultrastrueture of hippocampus CA1 section in neurons of model group changed as follows： the multivesicular bodies and mitoehondria were severely damaged, their chromatins condensated, and the perinuelear endoplasmic retieulum were damaged apparently. The ultrastrueture of hippoeampus CA1 section of drug group and shamed-operation group had no significant difference. Conclusion： Decrease of neurons, the shortness of the total length of apical dendrites of hippoeampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, damage of multivesieular bodies and mitoehondria in hippoeampus CA1 section might also participate in the pathogenesis of VD, but huperzine could meliorate these changes and then alleviate the clinical symptom.