眼科门诊干眼症的流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of dry eye in ophthalmic clinic

目的了解眼科普通门诊患者中干眼的患病情况及其特征。方法通过对本院眼科门诊20岁及以上人群1 427例进行问卷调查,对主诉有干眼症状的328例患者进行裂隙灯检查、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)测定、Schimier test泪液分泌试验及角结膜荧光素染色检查,分析干眼症患者的临床资料。结果本组资料中干眼症总患病率为14.02%,其中女性患病率18.94%,男性患病率10.20%,二者患病率有统计学差异;20-40岁患病率9.79%,41-81岁患病率18.91%,二者患病率有显著差异。工人、农民所占比例较高,公务员、教师、学生所占比例次之。结论掌握干眼症的临床特点(眼部干涩、异物感、灼热感、痒感、畏光、视疲劳或视物模糊、眼红等)有助于干眼症的及时诊断与治疗。

Objective To understand the prevalence of dry eye in the general outpatients and its characters.Methods In department of ophthalmology in our hospital a questionnaire survey among 1 427 cases over 20 years old was conducted.A total of 328 cases of eye discomfort performed the slit lamp examination,tear breakup time（BUT） measurement,Schimier test and corneal fluorescein staining.And the clinical data of cases of dry eye were analyzed.Results The overall prevalence of dry eye was 14.02%,18.94% for female and 10.20% for male（χ2=22.26,P0.01）.The prevalence rate of cases aged 20-39 years was 9.79%,significantly lower than that in cases aged 40-81 years（18.91%,χ2=24.49,P0.01）.Workers and farmers took a high proportion,followed by civil servants,teachers,and students.Conclusion The clinical features of dry eye syndrome（dry eye,foreign body sensation,burning sensation,itching,photophobia,visual fatigue or blurred vision,red eye）can help to master the timely diagnosis and treatment of dry eye syndrome.