发展地看待知识内隐性的判别方法:内隐与外显学习区分的新途径

Considering the Discriminating Method of Implicit Knowledge Developmentally:A New Approach of Distinguishing Explicit and Implicit Learning

知识内隐性的判别一直是内隐学习研究领域的研究重点之一,恰当的区分内隐被试和外显被试对于该类研究有着至关重要的意义。本文介绍知识内隐性判别问题的研究历史,由最初的主观标准和客观标准到后来改进的研究方法,指出了随着对待内隐和外显学习两者关系的理论的发展,研究方法有必要与时俱进,并提出了新的区分内隐被试和外显被试的新方法。相对于传统研究方法,新方法从内隐知识和外显知识互为补充、"任何一种学习即存在内隐学习,也存在外显学习"的理论指导下,通过被试的猜测水平来判断其内隐水平,并确定"纯的"内隐被试的标准。该方法发展地看待内隐学习及其与外显学习的关系,有助于研究者更加深入、精确地研究内隐学习的相关问题。

The discriminance of implicit knowledge was always one of the key point in the field of implicit learning;it was so meaningful as to distinguish explicit and implicit subjects.The research introduced the research history of the discriminance of implicit knowledge,from the subject criterion to the object criterion,pointed out that as the theory development of the relationship of explicit and implicit learning,the research method had to be developed too and put up the new method.Comparing with the traditional research method,the new one,with the guidance of theory of explicit and implicit knowledge was complementary to each other and ＇every kind of learning was including explicit and implicit learning＇,measured the subjects＇ implicit level with their guessing level and confirmed the ＇pure＇ implicit criterion.The method considered the relationship of explicit and implicit learning developmentally,conducive to study the relative issue of implicit learning further and precisely.