某镉电池厂镉作业女性32人尿镉及血清中性激素的水平

Urinary Cadmium and Serum Sex Hormone Levels of 32 Female Workers Exposed to Cadmium in A Cadmium Battery Factory

目的了解镉作业女工尿镉及血清中性激素水平改变的影响因素并初步探讨其机制。方法 2010年11月,选取某镉电池工厂镉作业女工100名作为接触组,按工作场所空气中镉含量的水平分成高、低2个接触浓度组;并选取来自同一家工厂未接触镉作业的50名女工作为对照组,测定3组人群的尿镉、促卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)及雌二醇(E2)的水平并进行统计分析。结果 2个接触组尿镉含量和异常率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);高浓度接触组工人在月经周期中的月经期血清中FSH水平和E2水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);增殖期血清中LH水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);分泌期血清中LH和E2水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在该研究的条件下,工作场所中氧化镉浓度超标是导致尿镉水平升高的主要危险因素;镉暴露可能对下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴的性激素分泌功能造成影响,从而对女性工人的生殖系统产生内分泌干扰作用。

[Objective] To understand the influencing factors of level changes of urinary cadmium and serum sex hormone of female workers exposed to cadmium,and explore its mechanism. [Methods]A total of 100 female workers with cadmium exposure were selected from a cadmium battery factory as the exposure group in November 2010,which was furthermore partitioned into 2 smaller exposure groups according to the air cadmium levels in workplace.Another 50 female workers from the same factory were selected as the control group.Urine samples were collected for the measurement of urinary cadmium,and blood samples for the levels of serum FSH,LH and E2. [Results]Urinary cadmium level and abnormal rate of the 2 exposure groups were significantly higher than those of the control group P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.The level of serum FSH,LH and E2 of high dose exposure group was significantly lower than that of the control group in menstrual phase（P〈0.01）;serum LH level of high dose exposure group was significantly lower than that of control group in follicular phase of menstrual cycle（P〈0.01）;while serum LH and E2 were significantly lower than those of control group in luteal phase of menstrual cycle（P〈0.01）. [Conclusion]Under the conditions of this study,the over standard cadmium oxide concentration in the workplace air is the major risk factor for the increasing of urinary cadmium level.Cadmium exposure may influence the sex hormone secreting function of hypothalamus-hypophysis-ovary hormone axis,thus causes endocrine disrupting effects on the reproductive system of female workers.