某高校教职工异常心电图与相关危险因素分析

Analysis on Abnormal ECG and Its Related Risk Factors of Faculty in a University

目的探讨高校教职工异常心电图及其相关危险因素,为临床诊断、治疗及保健提供依据。方法对信阳市某高校1 284例教职工职业健康检查的异常心电图及危险因素进行分析。结果心电图异常检出率为32.71%,以心律失常检出率最高,占40%,其次为ST-T改变,占31.90%,男性高于女性(χ2=9.514,P<0.01)。心电图异常检出率随年龄呈逐渐增加趋势(χ2=138.29,P<0.01)。心电图异常人群中甘油三酯(TG)升高率为36.43%,总胆固醇(TC)升高率为49.76%,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)升高率为50.00%,空腹血糖(FPG)升高率为31.67%,高血压为47.86%,脂肪肝为17.62%,与正常心电图人群比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论心电图异常改变与年龄,血脂异常、空腹高血糖,高血压、脂肪肝有密切关系。提示应对上述相关危险因素进行强化干预并定期进行健康检查,对预防、发现、治疗心血管疾病有重要意义。

[Objective] To study the abnormal electrocardiogram（ECG） and its related risk factors of college faculty,provide the basis for clinical diagnosis,treatment and health care. [Methods]The abnormal ECG and its related risk factors of 1 284 employees in a university in Xinyang were analyzed. [Results]The detection rate of abnormal ECG was 32.71%.The detection rate of arrhythmia was the highest（40%）,followed by ST-T change（31.90%）.The detection rate of male was significantly higher than that of female（χ2=9.514,P〈0.01）.The detection rate of abnormal ECG increased with age（χ2=138.29,P〈0.01）.Among the faculty with abnormal ECG,the rising rate of TG was 36.43%,rising rate of TC was 49.76%,rising rate of LDL-C was 50.00%,rising rate of FPG was 31.67,incidence of hypertension was 47.86%,and incidence of fatty liver was 17.62%.There were significant differences between faculty with abnormal ECG and those with normal ECG（P〈0.01）. [Conclusion]The abnormal ECG had close relationship with age,lipid abnormality,fasting hyperglycemia,hypertension and fatty liver.It is suggested that intensive intervention for above related risk factors and regular physical examination are very important on the prevention,detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.