儿童呼吸道感染后免疫功能指标的分析

Analysis on Indexes of Immune Function in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection

目的探讨儿童呼吸道感染后机体免疫功能指标的变化。方法 2010年9月—2011年1月武汉大学人民医院儿科呼吸道感染患儿,按临床诊断的不同分为两组:上呼吸道感染组和下呼吸道感染组,分别检测血清中免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)、补体水平(C3、C4)和血液中细胞免疫(全血T细胞的亚群分类标记CD3、CD4、CD8的百分比以及CD4/CD8比值)。结果上呼吸道感染组和下呼吸道感染组的血清免疫球蛋白、补体水平的检测平均值都在正常参考范围内,上呼吸道感染组补体C3的结果[(31.04±0.29)g/L]明显高于下呼吸道感染组[(0.99±0.23)g/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);细胞免疫的各项指标T细胞的亚群分类标记CD3、CD4、CD8的百分比以及CD4/CD8比值的平均值都在正常参考值范围内,上呼吸道感染组CD3的百分比平均值[(64.05±9.99)%]明显高于下呼吸道感染组[(62.26±15.94)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。上呼吸道感染患儿的补体C3水平和细胞的亚群分类标记CD3百分比高于下呼吸道感染,两种类型的呼吸道感染均未引起明显的免疫功能低下及紊乱。

[Objective]To study the changes of immune function indexes in children with respiratory tract infection. [Methods]Children with respiratory tract infection were collected from pediatrics department of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from September 2010 to January 2011,and they were divided into two groups（upper respiratory tract infection group and low respiratory tract infection group） according to clinical diagnosis.The levels of serum immunoglobulin（IgG,IgA and IgM）,complement levels（C3 and C4）,and cellular immunity indexes（the percentage of T cell subpopulation labeled CD3,CD4 and CD8,and the radio of CD4/CD8） were detected respectively. [Results]The average values of serum immunoglobulin and complement level in upper respiratory tract infection group and low respiratory tract infection group were both within normal range.The level of complement C3[（31.04±0.29）g/L]of upper respiratory tract infection group was higher than that of low respiratory tract infection group[（0.99±0.23）g/L]significantly（P〈0.05）.The average values of cellular immunity indexes（the percentage of CD3,CD4 and CD8,and the radio of CD4/CD8） were within normal range.The average percentage of CD3 of upper respiratory tract infection group [（64.05±9.99）%]was higher than that of low respiratory tract infection group [（62.26±15.94）%]significantly（P〈0.05）. [Conclusion]The level of complement C3 and percentage of labeled CD3 of children with upper respiratory tract infection were higher than that of children with low respiratory tract infection,and both types of respiratory tract infection did not induce low immune function or immune function disorder obviously.