铁路车站货场矿石装载作业场所粉尘污染现状调查

Present Situation Investigation of Dust Pollution in Ore Loading Workplaces of Railway Station Yard

目的对怀化铁路地区7个车站货场装载作业场所粉尘污染及防护现状进行分析,为预防尘肺病等职业危害提供依据。方法现场职业卫生学调查与粉尘浓度监测。结果监测7个车站货场时间加权总尘浓度,点次符标率仅4%,浓度波动幅度为9.6~341.8 mg/m3,各车站货场作业场所粉尘浓度均超标,超标倍数2.75~28.78。结论各车站货场装载作业场所粉尘污染十分严重,迫切需要实施防尘降尘措施,在作业场所配置多个成排高压远距离旋转式喷雾水龙头,向装载作业现场尘源逸散与排放的空气带中喷射雾化水珠,并通过建立地下渗滤系统,循环回收利用。

[Objective]To analyze the dust pollution and protection in ore loading workplaces of 7 railway station yards of Huaihua area,and provide evidence for prevention of pneumoconiosis and other occupational hazards.[Methods]On-site occupational health survey and the dust concentration monitoring were performed.[Results]Monitoring 7 stations yard time-weighted concentration of total dust,the total number of monitoring points,only 4% met the national standard,fluctuations in the range of total dust concentration of 9.6～341.8 mg/m3.Total dust concentration of each station yard exceeded standard for 2.75～28.78 times.[Conclusion]Dust pollution is very serious in loading workplace of each station yard,measures for controlling dust concentration needs to be implemented urgently.It is necessary to configure a certain number of high-pressure rotating spray faucets in loading workplace,to spray droplets at point source fugitive dust and emissions in the air,and to recycle use of water through the establishment of underground infiltration system.