北京市平谷区2010年水痘疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis on Varicella Epidemic in Pinggu District of Beijing City in 2010

目的为掌握平谷区水痘疫情的流行情况,为控制该区水痘流行提供流行病学依据。方法根据平谷区2010年疫情报告系统的水痘疫情资料和水痘流行病学调查表,进行统计分析。结果 2010年平谷区4起暴发疫情发生在学校,合计病例573例,全区平均罹患率为147.13/10万;以4~6岁和7~15岁组托幼儿童和中小学生发病为主;男女发病比例为1.05∶1;对于学校和托幼机构发生的散发病例,全区采取应急接种水痘疫苗,共接种34起,2 747人次。结论 2010年平谷区水痘疫情主要发生在冬春季节,水痘是一种呼吸道传染病,易在学校引起流行,做好对患病学生的隔离和宣传工作是预防控制学校水痘流行和扩散的重要措施。

[Objective]To understand the epidemic situation of varicella in Pinggu District,and provide epidemic evidence for its control.[Methods]The statistical analysis was based on the data of varicella in 2010 from infectious diseases surveillance system and epidemiological survey tables.[Results]There were 4 outbreaks occurred in school of Pinggu District,with 573 cases,the average attack rate was 147.13/100 000.Most cases aged 4~6 years and 7~15 years in kindergartens or schools.The ratio of male to female was 1.05：1.For sporadic cases in kindergartens or schools,the related department carried out emergency vaccination 34 times,with 2 747 person-times.[Conclusion]Most of the patients appeared in winter and spring.Varicella is a respiratory infectious disease which is easy to cause outbreak in school.Further measures should be taken to control the transmission of varicella,including the insulation of patients and health education etc.