河南省马山口镇外来人口流动儿童免疫接种情况及其影响因素

Immunization Status of Migrant Children and Its Influencing Factors in Mashankou Town

目的了解马山口镇外来人口流动儿童免疫接种情况,为流动儿童计划免疫工作管理提供科学依据。方法对马山口镇外来人口聚集的企业及商业区所有0~6岁流动儿童及其家长进行计划免疫接种情况和知晓率情况调查。结果共查出外来儿童88名,其建卡率、建证率、卡疤率、＂五苗＂全程免疫覆盖率、乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率分别为60.23%、56.82%、43.18%、27.27%、42.05%。调查儿童家长82名,小学以下文化程度占51.22%。流动儿童未全程接种的主要原因是不知道要接种（70.73%）。结论要重视流动儿童的计划免疫管理工作,加大流动儿童聚居地的计划免疫宣传力度,提高流动儿童家长卫生保健意识,提高基础免疫覆盖率,消除免疫空白人群。

[Objective]To understand the immunization status of migrant children in Mashankou Town,and provide scientific evidence for EPI management among migrant children.[Methods]The migrant children aged 0~6 and their parents living in corporate and commercial districts with migrant population gathering in Mashankou Town were investigated for the immunization coverage and EPI knowledge awareness.[Results]A total of 88 migrant children were investigated.The results showed that the rate of founding vaccination certificate,the rate of founding vaccination card,the vaccinated scar rate,the complete immunization coverage rate of the 5 vaccines,and the timely vaccination rate of HBV was 60.23%,56.82%,43.18%,27.27% and 42.05%,respectively.82 parents of migrant children were also investigated,51.22% of them with primary or lower education level.70.73% of them did not know vaccination,which may be the major cause of incomplete immunization in migrant children.[Conclusion]Great attention must be paid to the management of EPI in migrant children.It is necessary to propagandize for EPI,to improve health awareness of migrant children＇s parents,to improve the coverage rate of immunity,and to eliminate the immunization blank.