等待肺移植患者生存质量及其相关影响因素的调查

Correlation factors of quality of life of the patients awaiting lung transplantation

目的调查等待肺移植患者生存质量及其相关因素,为制订提高等待肺移植患者生存质量的措施提供理论依据。方法采用简明健康问卷(short form36health survey questionnaires,SF-36)、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-ratingdepression Scale,SDS)和领悟社会支持量表(perceiving social support scale,PSSS)对55例等待肺移植患者进行调查。采用Stepwise法对影响等待肺移植患者生存质量的相关因素进行分析。结果等待肺移植患者SF-36各维度得分为(23.18±37.53)-(74.57±26.02)分,低于常模(均P<0.001);SAS及SDS得分分别为(48.09±9.06)分及(52.18±9.98)分,高于常模(均P<0.01);PSSS社会总支持因子得分为(5.56±1.04)分,家庭内支持因子得分高于家庭外支持因子(P<0.05)。呼吸困难和抑郁是影响患者生存质量的主要因素。结论等待肺移植患者的生存质量较低,其生存质量受多种因素的影响,呼吸困难和抑郁是其主要影响因素。因此,医护人员应从患者的生理及心理方面进行有效的干预,以提高患者的生存质量。

Objective To investigate the quality of life（QOL） and its related factors in patients awaiting lung transplantation.Methods Totally 55 patients awaiting lung transplantation were investigated with the instruments of short form 36 health survey questionnaires（SF-36）,self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）,self-rating depression scale（SDS） and perceiving social support scale（PSSS）.Results The scores of the 8 domains of SF-36 to the 55 patients were（23.18 ± 37.53）-（74.57 ± 26.02）,significantly lower than those of the norms（P 0.01）.The mean scores of SAS and SDS were（48.09 ± 9.06） and（52.18 ± 9.98）,significantly higher than those of norms（P 0.01）.The mean score of PSSS was（5.56 ± 1.04）,and the score on the internal support from families was higher than that on the external support（P 0.05）.Dyspnea and depression were the major influential factors of QOL.Conclusions The QOL of the patients awaiting lung transplantation was poorer.Many factors are related to the patients＇ quality of life,and the main factors are dypnea and depression.Medical staff should perform the nursing intervention physiologically and mentally so as to improve their QOL.