综合医院住院病人HIV抗体血清学检测结果分析

Analysis of HIV antibody detection results in inpatients of general hospitals

目的了解综合性医院住院病人中艾滋病病毒（HIV）的感染状况,为医院艾滋病预防提供依据。方法对2003-2009年期间部分住院病人,用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）和蛋白印迹法（Western blotting）检测血清HIV抗体,并对其人口学特征、科室分布进行统计分析。结果在143 719人中共检出HIV抗体阳性232例,阳性率为0.16%。其中男性169例,女性63例,男女比例2.68∶1;以中青年为主,21-50岁占77.16%;已婚者为主,占82.33%。232例感染者分布于医院的27个临床科室,内科占56.04%%,外科占42.24%,其他科室占1.72%。2003年检出率最低,为0.025%;2009年检出率最高,为0.244%。结论在综合性医院,HIV的检出率逐年上升,近2年上升幅度较大,感染者分布科室广。建议综合性医院对所有住院病人均进行HIV抗体筛查。

Objective To understand the HIV infection status in inpatients of general hospitals and provide scientific basis for AIDS prevention within hospitals. Methods ELISA and Western Blot were utilized to measure serum HIV antibody of hospitalized patients from 2003 to 2009, and then patients＇ demographic characteristics and their distribution in different clinical departments were analyzed. Results A total of 232 patients were HIV antibody positive among 143 719 hospitalized individuals, and the positive rate was 0. 161%. Among 232 seropositive patients, 169 were males and 63 females, and the male and female ratio was 2. 68 ： 1： 82. 33% were married. The 21-50-year age group was mostly affected and 77. 16% were in this age group. The 232 positive cases covered 27 clinical departments, internal medicine accounted for 56. 04%, surgery for 42. 24% and others for 1.72%. The lowest detection rate was 0. 025% in 2003 and the highest was 0. 244%in 2009. Conclusion The detection rate of HIV infection is rising year by year, especially in the past two years. The distribution of department is becoming wider. It is suggested that HIV antibody should be detected for all hospitalized patients in general hospitals.