人工全膝关节置换术中股骨假体旋转的研究进展

ADVANCEMENT OF ROTATIONAL ALIGNMENT OF FEMORAL PROSTHESIS IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY

目的综述人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)中股骨假体旋转评估研究进展,以减少假体旋转不良导致的术后并发症。方法查阅近年TKA术中股骨假体旋转定位参考轴线的基础及临床研究相关文献,并进行综合分析。结果股骨假体旋转不良可造成屈曲间隙不平衡和髌骨轨迹不良,术前应采用不同方法确定股骨假体旋转力线,并通过影像学技术及计算机导航技术进行手术前后评估,保证股骨假体的旋转位置良好,使术后膝关节功能获得最大程度的恢复。结论近年发展了多种手术技巧和新技术以确定股骨假体旋转力线,临床应用并获得较好效果。

Objective To introduce the concept and clinical applications of rotational alignment of the femoral prosthesis in total knee arthroplasty（TKA） so as to avoide the postoperative complications caused by rotational alignment.Methods The clinical and experimental research literature about rotational alignment of the femoral prosthesis in TKA was extensively reviewed and analyzed.Results Femoral prosthesis malrotation can lead to flexion gap unbalanced and undesirable patellar track.Rotation alignment of the femoral prosthesis is defined with radiological and computer assisted technique at pre-and post-operation,which can make the rotation alignment of the femoral prosthesis and the function of the knee favorable.Conclusion In recent years,many surgical skills and new techniques of defining the rotational alignment are developed,and good clinical results are achieved