人工感染血管瘤病变型ALV-J对鸡免疫器官的影响

Effect of subgroup J avian leukosis virus strain associated with hemangiomas on immune organs

为探讨血管瘤病变型J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J)HN06克隆株的致病情况,通过人工接种7日龄SPF雏鸡ALV-J HN06株,检测HN06株对鸡体的影响。结果发现,感染鸡生长较慢,体重比对照组低。HN06株对胸腺抑制显著,对法氏囊影响不明显,外周免疫器官的脾指数比对照组大。PCR检测病毒在免疫器官中的分布结果显示,骨髓和脾在攻毒后第7天可检测到病毒整合到基因组中,法氏囊和胸腺则分别在攻毒后第14天和第21天才能检测到。通过ELISA和细胞培养技术检测病毒血症、抗体产生和排毒情况,发现HN06感染鸡血浆中第7天即出现病毒(7/21),第28天出现抗体(2/21),第21天泄殖腔出现排毒(2/21)。随着产生抗体鸡的比例升高,排毒鸡逐渐减少,42d后无排毒现象。由此可见,试验鸡后天感染HN06株出现病毒血症,HN06不但抑制机体生长,还影响免疫器官的发育;HN06首先感染免疫器官中的骨髓和脾,再感染法氏囊和胸腺;抗体的产生能抑制排毒,但病毒血症仍然存在。

SPF chicks of 7 day-old were experimentally inoculated with subgroup J avian leukosis virus （ALV-J） strain HN06 which induced hemangiomas. Body weight,immune organs weight and viral integration in various tissues were tested. Results showed that HN06 strain suppressed body weight and thymus of the chicks. Viral integration were firstly detected in the genome of bone marrow and spleen on day 7 post-infection（pi） ,followed by bursa and thymus on day 14 and 21 pi, respectively. Viremia occurrence in plasma were continually detected after day 7 pi by cell culture and ELISA. Virus shedding and anti-ALV-J antibodies production were produced on day 21 and day 28 pi, respectively. With an improving proportion of chicken that produced anti-ALV-J antibodies, the rate of chicken with virus shedding reduced gradually and become zero at 42 pi. The results indicated that SPF chicken acquired the ALV-J HN06 infection and viremia occurred continually, and HN06 strain could suppress growth and influence the development of immune organs.