早产儿不同穿刺部位使用静脉留置针的效果观察

Effect observation of applying intravenous indwelling needle at different puncture sites in prematures

目的:探讨早产儿静脉留置针的最佳留置方法和在新生儿重症监护室中应用的效果。方法:将168例早产儿分为A、B、C3组,3组患儿均裸睡暖箱中,使用型号相同的留置针,无菌敷贴固定,生理盐水封管,A组采用腋下静脉,B组采用头皮静脉,C组采用四肢静脉,对三组静脉留置针保留时间的长短、局部红肿、皮肤坏死、针孔渗液渗血、脱管、堵管、穿刺成功率进行观察对照。结果:A组留置时间长于B组和C组,输液并发症少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组与C组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:早产儿采用腋下静脉留置针,保留时间长,可减轻患儿痛苦,减少输液并发症,减轻护士工作量,节省资源。

Objective：To investigate the optimal indwelling method of intravenous indwelling needle and its application effects in NICU.Methods：168 prematures were divided into group A,B and C.All prematures in these 3 groups were nakedly slept in warm-boxes.During observation,the same type of indwelling needle was used with sterilized plaster for fixing and normal saline for sealing tube.The group A,B and C adopted subaxillary vein,scalp vein and limb veins for puncture site respectively.The comparative observations were conducted including the time of keeping indwelling needle,local red and swollen,necrosis of skin,errhysis and exudation,tube detachment,tube plugging and success rate of puncture.Results：The group A could keep indwelling needle for longer time than the group B and C with statistical difference（P0.05）,while no statistical difference was found in comparison between the group B and C（P0.05）.Conclusion：Application of intravenous indwelling needle at subaxillary vein for premature can keep longer maintaining time,reduce newborns′ pains,decrease complications due to transfusion,relieve nurses′ work load and save resource.