足月儿呼吸窘迫综合征发病相关因素分析

Related factor analysis on term infant with respiratory distress syndrome

目的探讨足月儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的危险因素。方法选择2006—2009年本院新生儿科诊断RDS的足月儿为观察组,同期住院未合并RDS的足月儿为对照组。对两组胎龄、出生体重、分娩方式、宫内窘迫、窒息、脐带绕颈、母亲糖尿病、多胎等高危因素进行单因素方差分析和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 (1)两组胎龄、母亲糖尿病、多胎、脐带绕颈差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组体重低于对照组[(2713±375)g比(2994±473)g],男性比例和剖宫产率高于对照组(73.1%比56.7%,97.0%比66.4%),宫内窘迫率低于对照组(17.9%比31.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)多因素Logistic回归分析显示,体重、剖宫产、男性、窒息、宫内窘迫、母亲糖尿病、多胎与足月儿RDS的发生有相关性(P<0.05)。结论剖宫产、男性、窒息、母亲糖尿病是足月儿RDS发生的危险因素,高出生体重、宫内窘迫、多胎是足月儿RDS发生的保护因素。

Objective To explore the related factors of term infant with respiratory distress syndrome （RDS）. Methods The hospitalized term infant wih RDS in the year of 2006 to 2009 was into observation group, and the hospitalized term infant wihout RDS in the same years was divided into control group. To study the related factors such as gestational age, birth weight, mode of delivery, fetal distress, asphyxia, cord around the neck, the mother with diabetes, multiple pregnancy in the two groups by one- way ANOVA and multivariate Logistic regression. Results （1）There were no significant difference on gestational age, mothers with diabetes, multiple births, cord around the neck between two groups （P 〉 0. 05）. The birth weight in the observation group [ （2713 ± 375 ） g] was lower than in the control group [ （2994 ±473） g], but the male ratio and the esarean section rate were higher （73.1% vs. 56.7%, 97.0% vs. 66.4% ）, and fetal distress was lower than in the control group （ 17.9% vs. 31.3% ）, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05 ）. （2） By the multivariate Logistic regression analysis, it showed that there was relationship between term infant with RDS and birth weight, cesarean section, male, asphyxia, fetal distress, mother with diabetes, multiple births （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The cesarean section, male, suffocation asphyxia, mother with diabetes were the risk factors of term infant with RDS, and the birth weight, fetal distress, multiple pregnancy were the protective factors of term infant with RDS.