深圳市广州管圆线虫动物宿主感染状况调查

Investigation on infection status of the animal host of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳市广州管圆线虫宿主淡水螺和鼠类动物自然感染情况。方法分层随机抽样采集深圳4个行政区域的淡水螺类和鼠类,人工消化法分离检查螺内的广州管圆线虫Ⅲ期幼虫;结合心肺病原学检查和血清抗体法检测,调查鼠类的广州管圆线虫感染状况。结果共调查深圳市4个行政区螺类358只、鼠类331只,检出广州管圆线虫感染阳性螺76只、阳性鼠50只。捕获的阳性螺种为亚马逊瓶螺和褐云玛瑙螺,阳性鼠均为褐家鼠。两种阳性螺的总阳性率为39.79%,种间差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.07,P=0.788),但大螺的感染率明显高于小螺(χ2=10.06,P=0.002)。针对鼠类的血清学抗体检查法具有与病原学心肺解剖法相当的诊断价值,褐家鼠的广州管圆线虫IgG抗体阳性率为15.38%,未成年鼠的感染率明显低于成年鼠(P<0.001),雌鼠和雄鼠的感染率分别为22.22%和9.94%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.29,P=0.002)。结论深圳市广州管圆线虫的主要淡水螺中间宿主为亚马逊瓶螺和褐云玛瑙螺,主要终宿主为优势鼠种褐家鼠。媒介宿主的感染率较高,是深圳地区广州管圆线虫病重要传染源。

Objective To investigate the natural infection status of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in freshwater snails and rodents in Shenzhen City. Methods Freshwater snails and rodents were stratified randomly sampled. Snails were man-made digested and detected for Angiostrongylus cantonensis Ⅲ-stage worm of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The infection in rodents were pathogenic detected by dissecting heart-lung and serum IgG detected by ELISA. Results 358 snails and 331 rodents were collected from four administrative areas and 76 snails and 50 rodents were found Angiostrongylus eantonensis in（ected. Angiostrongylus eantonensls Dosltive were found in Pomaeea eanaliculata, Aehatina fulica and Rattus norvegicus. The infection rate in Pomacca canaliculata and Achatina fulica was 39.79% with no signifi- cant difference between them （X2 = 0. 073, P = 0. 788）. But the infection rate in big snails was obviously higher than in small snails （X2 = 10.06, P= 0. 002）. The ELISA IgG determination method had the reliable value as pathogenic meth- ods. The positive rate in immature Rattus norvegicus was much lower than that in adult rats （P 〈 0. 001 ）. The infection rated female rates （22.22%） was higher than that of males （9.94%） （X2=9.29,P=0.002）. Conclusions Major freshwater snail hosts of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Shenzhen City are Pomaeea canaliculata and Aehatina fulica while rodent host is Rattus norvegieus. High-infected hosts are the main infection sources of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in this