典籍原生态语气表达英译对等策略探析

A Probe into the Equivalent Strategy of the Primitive Mood Expressions from Chinese Classics into English Versions

典籍中古汉语具有原生态特点的语气系统,可以《愚公移山》的中英文译文对比为个案,找寻源语翻译成恰切目标语的路径和方式,从而揭示古汉语语气表达系统和英语语气表达形式,存在着对比和对照。典籍古汉语原声态的语气特点,不仅作为语助之学体现出来,而且对应着英文中相应的情态和修辞等表达方式,即典籍中古汉语语气表达的原生态特点,在译成英文相应的语气表达时,能够通过归化和异化的方式,转换为符合目标语特点的表达方式。

The mood system with the feature of being primitive in the ancient Chinese classics can be illustrated by the case study of the fable of Yugong（ the foolish old man wants to move the mountains）. The process and methodology can be analyzed in the translation process from the source language to the target language; thus a contrast and a contact exist between the mood systems of ancient Chinese and English. The primitive features of the mood system in the ancient Chinese classics are not only the auxiliary functional dictions but also transferred into the modals and rhetorical devices in English as well. In brief, the primitive features of mood expressions in the ancient Chinese classics can be transferred into English equivalent by the techniques of domestication and foreignization to meet the criteria of the target language.