近50年东北地区生态地理界线的代际变化

Interdecadal Changes of Eco-geographical Boundaries of Northeast China in Recent 50 Years

以吉良(Kira)的热量指数(温暖指数WI和寒冷指数CI)和徐文铎的湿度指数HI为指标,以10 a为尺度定量研究1961～2007年东北地区4条主要生态地理界线变化。在此基础上分析东北地区生态地理界线变化对气候变化的响应。结果表明:东北地区1961～2007年整体上纬向生态地理界线向高纬(垂直带向上)移动,经向生态地理界线向东移动,但阶段性上表现出波动性移动。东北地区生态地理区域界线从整体上位置、移动速度的变化和阶段性位置、移动速度的变化都很好响应气候变化。它们对水热等生态气候基本要素十分敏感。

Hydrothermal changes caused by climate change are one of the important causes for eco-system change,whose long-term changes and short-term fluctuations are essential causes of formation,distribution and change of eco-geographical boundaries.In this paper,the changes of the four main eco-geographical boundaries were quantitatively studied based on the heat index（warmth index WI and coldness index CI） firstly developed by Kira and the humidity index HI put forward by Xu Wenduo for each 10 years of Northeast China in 1961–2007.Then their responses to climate change were analyzed in Northeast China.The results indicated that zonal eco-geographical boundaries have been moving to higher latitude（shifting upwards vertical zone） and meridional eco-geographical boundaries have been moving eastward in the whole sequence,but the movements of stages were volatility.The changes of eco-geographical boundaries expressed in distribution and moving speed responded to climate change well,not only in the whole sequence but also in the stages.They are very sensitive to the basic elements of eco-climatic such as hydrothermal,etc.,and it may be a new idea to research climate change by the changes of eco-geographical boundaries.