渭河流域汉代洪涝灾害研究

Flood Disaster of Weihe River Valley in Han Dynasty

通过对渭河流域汉代(202 a B.P.～220 A.D.)历史资料的搜集和整理,对该区域该时期洪涝灾害等级、洪涝灾害的时间变化及成因进行研究。结果表明,在汉代的423 a中,渭河流域共发生洪涝灾害109次,平均每3.9 a发生1次。轻度涝灾,中等涝灾,大涝灾和特大涝灾分别占到洪涝灾害总数的44.0%,24.8%,22.9%和8.3%。渭河流域汉代存在两个洪涝灾害多发期,分别出现在49～10 a B.P.和91～130 A.D.。渭河流域汉代轻度和中度涝灾存在3～4 a的周期,大涝灾存在20 a左右的周期,特大涝灾存在着60～70 a左右的周期。

Based on the historical data,this paper studied the disaster grade,temporal change and the causes of disasters of Weihe River watershed during the Han Dynasty（202 a B.C.-220 A.D.）.The results showed that during the 423 years of the Han Dynasty,the floods happened 109 times in Weihe River,with averagely once every 3.9 years.Mild floods,middle floods,great floods and serious floods respectively accounted for 44.0%,24.8%,22.9% and 8.3% in the total numbers of floods.There were two flood-prone periods in Weihe River watershed of the Han Dynasty,i.e.from 49 a B.C.to 10 a B.C.and from 91 A.D.to 130 A.D..Mild flood and the middle flood disasters happened once 3-4 years in Weihe River watershed during the Han Dynasty,great flood did once about 20 years,and serious flood did once 60-70 years.