珠江三角洲地区2006年颗粒物污染过程识别与分析

Identification and Analysis of PM Pollution Processes in the Pearl River Delta Region in 2006

利用Matlab小波分析工具,分析了珠三角(珠江三角洲)地区2006年PM10的突变特征,并对典型区域性颗粒物空气污染过程进行了识别.结合全球资料同化系统(GDAS)气象数据,运用HYSPLIT v4.9模式,以4个典型空气观测站点的数据为基础,分析了高污染过程期间后向气流轨迹的特征和区域ρ(PM10)的变化与输送过程,并对比分析了污染超标日和非超标日的ρ(PM10)与风速、相对湿度、平均温度及地面平均气压等常规气象要素之间的关系.结果表明:影响珠三角地区颗粒物高污染时段输送的气流主要来源于内陆东北气流和沿海气流.本地排放和区域城市间传输是造成珠三角地区颗粒污染过程的主要原因.静风或极小风,以及较高地面平均气压是影响珠三角地区PM10污染的主要气象要素.

Based on average daily PM10 concentrations and meteorological data in the Pearl River Delta （PRD） region in 2006,we analyzed the variation characteristics of PM10 concentrations, and identified the major PM pollution processes by using a Matlab wavelet tool. Coupled with GDAS meteorological data and PM10 observations from four representative sites,the characteristics of back trajectory air masses and regional transport of PM10 mass concentrations during heavy pollution incidents were analyzed by using the HYSPLIT v4.9 pollutant dispersion model. The relationships between PM10 mass concentrations on days meeting the standard and days not meeting the standard, as well as conventional meteorological features including wind speed, relative humidity, average temperature and average pressure, were further compared and discussed. The results show that the air masses leading to PRD regional heavy PM pollution mainly came from northeastern continental and coast areas. Local emissions and regional transport between cities were the major causes of the PM pollution processes. Low and calm wind and relative higher ground average pressure were the major meteorological conditions that had influence over the PM10 pollution in the PRD region.